Remembering a hero: John Hannah VC

On the morning of the 7th June 2012 I was scanning the internet when I discovered a tweet about John Hannah VC. It was the anniversary of his death from TB in 1947. What caught my eye in particular was that his burial place was Birstall in Leicestershire – A place I know well and had once lived for a number of years. I decided there and then to discover more about this man and to go and pay my respects later that day.

John Hannah, Copyright Delta Magazine, RAF Scampton.

John Hannah, Copyright Delta Magazine, RAF Scampton.

John Hannah was a Scot, he was born in Paisley on 27th November 1921. When he left school he took a job as a shoe salesman, but it didn’t stick and in August 1939 he volunteered for the RAF on a six year regular engagement.

After training as a wireless operator and completing a gunnery course he was posted to 83 Squadron at Scampton in Lincolnshire. The Squadron flew Hampden bombers and was at the forefront of an intensive series of day and night operations targeting German occupied ports along the Channel coast.

At 22.30 on the night of 15th September 1940 Hannah and his crew were part of a raid on the port of Antwerp where suspected German invasion barges were gathering.

The Hampden was a medium twin-engine bomber with a crew of four. On board alongside John that night were:

- Pilot Officer C A Connor
- Sergeant D A E Hayhurst (Navigator and Bomb-aimer)
- Sergeant George James (Another Gunner)

All them were experienced on operations, especially Hayhurst who had already notched up 38 combat missions.

Hampden Bomber,  No. COL182, Imperial War Museums collections.

Hampden Bomber, No. COL182, Imperial War Museums collections.

Hannah, as Radio Operator, sat in a cramped space facing the tail. In front of him were two Vickers Gas Operated Machine-Guns and by his side were his wireless set and a basket with two carrier pigeons. With bulky flying clothing on it was almost impossible to move around once the aircraft was flying.

A hail of Flak greeted them over Antwerp. As they released their payload a shell struck them in the bomb bay, vicious lumps of shrapnel damaged the left wing, perforated the tail and pierced the wing petrol tanks. There was a huge explosion as the rear of the fuselage blew-up. George James had no option except to bale out as the damage spread and the floor began to melt around him.

Hannah got on the intercom immediately and told Connor that the aircraft was on fire.
“Is it bad?” Asked the Pilot.
“Bad, but not too bad” Replied Hannah’s calm voice.

Meanwhile Hayhurst was unable to reach his colleagues, he saw the fire and also baled out. Hannah was burning from head to toe, suffocating from the fumes and the heat. Fearing that he was going to pass out he opened the Perspex cupola above him and took long gulps of fresh air. Exhausted he used two fire extinguishers on the flames before resorting to his bare hands. As the flames slowly receded the ammunition pans around him began “cooking-off”, bullets whizzing past him in the tiny compartment. He was forced to pick them up and throw them from the plane. He got back on the intercom to Connor, “The fire’s out, Sir.”

For his exploits that night Hannah was awarded the Victoria Cross. He was just nineteen years old, the youngest ever recipient for aerial operations. But unfortunately, as is sadly often the case, winning the VC didn’t fix his life or mend his wounds. While recovering from his burns he contracted Tuberculosis and was medically discharged from the RAF in December 1942. Recently married (to Janet) and with a new family to support he struggled to make ends meet.

The grave of John Hannah, VC

The grave of John Hannah, VC and his Wife, Janet. Photo by C A Parkinson

On the 9th of June, 1947 he finally succumbed to the TB and was buried in the churchyard of St James the Great Church, Church Hill, Birstall. He left a Wife and three very young daughters.

Touched by John’s story I found the church where he was buried and eventually located his headstone. I was hoping that there may be other bunches of flowers there but sadly mine was the only one. He was a brave man and it is an honour and a pleasure to have had a chance to learn more about him and his exploits.

RIP John Hannah, VC 1921-1947.

Sources:

Bowyer, Chaz. For Valour: The Air VC’s. Grub Street, 1992.

Welcome to the DRC: Goma, 2008

Refugees rest on a wall in the shadow of the Nyiragongo Volcano ©Christian Parkinson

Refugees rest on a wall in the shadow of the Nyiragongo Volcano ©Christian Parkinson

My first trip to DRC was in October 2008. My team and I were sent there to report on the exodus of Refugees fleeing from the advancing Army of Tutsi leader, General Nkunda. I had never been there before and had no idea what to expect. On my first day we had our first brush with the ill-disciplined Congolese National Army. This is what happened. . .

“Hay my friend, why are you taking my picture?”

I looked up to see the six Congolese soldiers standing over me; they seemed inquisitive rather than angry. I’d been filming Displaced people carrying their lives on their backs along the road that lead north from Goma in the Eastern Congo. It was the first day of my first trip to the Democratic Republic of Congo and I felt relaxed.

“I wasn’t taking your picture” I lied – “I was just filming the road”, I smiled and went to walk away only to find myself surrounded. The atmosphere changed, the Commander became agitated, “Show me the picture,” he shouted, his eyes yellow and bulging. He appeared to be on drugs and unstable. By now B. our French Security advisor and Jack the local Fixer were with me, they told me to do as he said. I cued the tape back ten seconds and showed him what I’d filmed. It was a low angle shot of the road, heavily laden people filled the frame followed by his unit in silhouette against the sky (yes I was trying to be arty). If he had concerns about his face being on International TV he needn’t have worried but he still wasn’t appeased. “Give me the tape,” he screamed, spit flying in all directions. I hesitated unsure what to do, the soldiers raised their weapons and shouted in Swahili, all the locals who had stopped to watch suddenly ran, they’d seen these guys in action before and knew this was a dangerous situation. I glanced at B. and he nodded at me, “Lets give him the tape and get out of here,” he whispered. I pulled out the cassette and handed it over as quickly as I could. I didn’t mind as I was simultaneously recording onto my Firestore hard drive recorder.

The Officer snatched the tape from me still shouting incoherently in a mixture of French and English. His anger wasn’t abated, he had a point to prove and ordered me into one of our own Four Wheel Drive vehicles. Three of his heavily armed soldiers sat behind me on the back seat. He and another of his men jumped into the other vehicle with the rest of my team. We set off back towards the town of Goma, I had no idea what was happening, where we were going or what I should say.

I sat in silence as we drove in convoy. I was afraid to look around at the men behind me. I stole glances in the rear view mirror and was annoyed that one of the men wore British style Commando flashes on his shoulder. I’d been embedded with the Royal Marine Commandos in Afghanistan and resented some of the world’s worst soldiers mimicking some of the worlds best.
 After about ten minutes the lead vehicle pulled over, B. got out and ran back to me. “Right,” he said, “he’s calmed down now but you need to go and apologize to him, explain it’s your first time here and that you are very sorry. He’s taken a bribe from Jack and just wants to keep face by having you apologize.” I nodded, I was still scared but reluctantly climbed out of the vehicle. The Officer stared hard at me as I approached. “Hallo Sir, I’m very sorry for filming you. It was a mistake and I’ll make sure not to do it again.” He nodded and dismissed me with a lazy wave of his grubby hand, trying his best to play the gracious monarch. The atmosphere began to ease, he decided he was happy now but that we should drop him and his unit back where we found them on the road.

This was just one small incident, but it has stayed with me ever since as one of the scarier moments of my career. A tiny taste of the fear that Congolese civilians have to live with every day. During the course of our trip we made a number of films that ran on the BBC Six and Ten o’clock News, you can watch a selection of them below:

Also if you are interested in the DRC and want to learn more about one of the worlds most fascinating countries then I highly recommend the following list of books (If you click on the links below it will take you to the relevant amazon page and if you buy it I’ll earn about five percent of the sale to help with the upkeep of this site – at no extra cost to you)

The smell you never forget: Covering the war in Ivory Coast

I originally wrote this blog post about covering the war in Ivory Coast in May 2011 but it was lost when www.caparkinson.com was hacked earlier this year. I’ve re-edited it and have embedded the films that we made during our visit. Questions and feedback are greatly appreciated.

“Breathe through your mouth.” Said my colleague Andrew as I gagged at the heavy smell of death. I’d seen bodies before, but not in the number that they littered the battlefields of Ivory Coast. The town of Duekoue had just fallen into the hands of the troops backing the elected President Alassane Ouattara – a massacre followed. It’s hard to say exactly who killed who and why. All sides have been pointing fingers and no one can decide how many bodies had actually been found. Our team arrived a few days after the event, the first foreign journalists to make it this far west, past the dozens of check points that lined the road from Yamoussoukro.

The dead were everywhere, covered in black plastic by the side of the road. I jumped out of the car and began to film, working on instinct, trying to not to think too much about what I was seeing. The UN and had begun clearing up, loading the bodies onto a large Flat-bed truck. The sound of them being slid across the metal floor before bumping to a standstill seemed incredibly loud in the otherwise eerie silence.

A Moroccan Soldier, serving with the UN, reprimanded a group of Ouattara soldiers at a nearby check-point – “No more killing.” He told them angrily. They looked sullen, denying any responsibility. I just kept filming, hoping that by documenting this I was somehow helping, telling a story that needed to be told. That night the Moroccan troops allowed us to use their Officers mess at the UN base as an edit suite and a place to sleep. They looked after us well, bringing us coffee, bread and even a plate of Arabic sweets. They were good guys.

Correspondent Andrew Harding writing his script in the Moroccan Officers Mess

Correspondent Andrew Harding writing his script in the Moroccan Officers Mess

This was my fourth trip to Ivory Coast. My first had been fun, a football film in the run up to the World Cup. But things had quickly deteriorated and the last few visits had all been to document the countries gradual descent into war. Abidjan had become a terrifying place for foreign journalists since the incumbent President Laurent Gbagbo had refused to recognize his election defeat. In January my team were stopped and threatened with death at a particularly nasty check point.

In recent weeks the forces of Alassane Ouattara had swept through much of the country and had advanced deep into Abidjan itself. Just getting into the country to cover the story had been a huge effort. We had flown to Bamako in Mali and driven for nineteen hours to get to Bouake, the capital of the northern portion of the country.

After filing our film on the massacre in Duekoue we headed towards the front line in Abidjan.The road towards the city was deserted, market stalls that would normally be thriving were abandoned. We were approaching the front. Eventually we arrived at the main staging point for Ouattaras soldiers, at a Shell Garage in an area called Gesco. We found hundreds of fighters exhausted and sprawled in any shade they could find trying to sleep. We advanced further along the road, more bodies littered the route, rotting and covered in maggots. Civilians brave enough to venture out looking for food and water were so terrified they had they hands raised the whole time – even while being interviewed by us.

Abidjan was dangerous, sporadic firefights were everywhere and it was impossible to advance any further into the city. We tried to arrange a military convoy to take us to the Golf Hotel where President Ouattara had been based for months, protected by the UN. Thirty seconds after we left, we were forced to turn back when the fighters with us said they’d seen wounded on the road and that it was too dangerous too proceed.

Filming a Gun-battle on the edge of Abidjan

Filming a Gun-battle on the edge of Abidjan

We spent five days on the edge of town filing stories from a Bar/Guesthouse about twenty kilometers from the frontlines. I shared a room with Correspondent Andrew Harding. The toilet stank, forcing me to hold my breath every time I went inside and the bed sheets were crawling with insects. But they cooked us an evening meal every night and they had a big supply of cold drinks – a welcome morale booster after filming in the sticky humidity of West Africa.

Eventually on 11th April, Laurent Gbagbo was captured. We were in a town well north of Abidjan and captured the amazing, spontaneous celebrations. School children flooded into the street waving branches and singing whilst adults danced and pounded on car horns filling the town with a cacophony of noise. It had been a hard time for Ivory Coast and I hoped that finally the healing could begin.